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Blast Furnace Refractories

Blast Furnace (Iron & Steel Industry)

Blast Furnace: Refractory Lining

The availability and the lifetime of a blast furnace are key factors within a steel plant.

The dimensions of the blast furnaces tend to increase and productivity needs to be increased as well. Therefore the lifetime of the refractory lining has to be extended and shut down times for refractory repair must be minimized.

To meet these requirements, refractory materials play a crucial role.

Customer benefits

  • Thermal (heat loss) and stress calculations.
  • Research on potential refractory lining materials.
  • Quality control on the supplied materials.
  • Post mortem research (core drilling or demolished materials) to reveal the attack mechanism on the refractories.

 v      In the blast furnace iron ore is melted and reduced by coke and limestone. The materials are charged from the furnace top to form layers. Hot blast blown from furnace bottom burns coke and reduces iron ore to produce molten iron at the bottom. Limestone combines with impurity in the ore to produce slag on the molten iron at the bottom. 

v      The blast furnace generally consists of several major portions like Shaft, Belly, Bosh, Tuyere, Tap hole and Bottom.  

v      Sino-Global offers products carefully selected based on the refractory materials, which are appropriately applicable for respective portion. 

v      The generic requirements from Blast Furnace refractories are summarised below:- 

*  Impact resistance and abrasion resistance against material charging.

*  CO gas resistance.

*  Alkali resistance.

*  Thermal spalling resistance.

*  Corrosion resistance against molten iron and slag.

*  Resistance against molten iron penetration. 

v      In addition to bricks for blast furnace body SINO-GLOBAL supplies high quality consumables like tap hole clay (for plugging tap hole) and trough materials　 (for lining iron troughs).

Product range with us for Blast Furnace application:-

  • SILICON NITRIDE BONDED SILICON CARBIDE BRICKS
  • SIALON BONDED REFRACTORY BRICKS
  • FIRECLAY & HIGH ALUMINA BRICKS
  • SPECIAL REFRACTORY BRICKS FOR BLAST FURNACE
  • BF TROUGH MIX
  • BF TROUGH CASTABLES
  • BF TAP HOLE CLAY
  • BF CERAMIC CUP
  • BF HEARTH REFRACTORIES
    • Micro porous Carbon Block,
    • Semi-Graphitic Carbon Block
    • Micro porous Carbon-Silicon Block
    • Moulded Micro porous Carbon Block
    • Moulded Micro porous Carbon-Silicon Carbide Block
  • BF HEARTH UN-SHAPED REFRACTORIES
    • Carbonaceous Ramming Paste
    • Graphite Ramming Paste
    • Carbon Mortar
    • Anhydrous pressed in Mortar
    • Anhydrous Injection Mix
    • Anhydrous Silicon-Carbide Mortar
    • Carbon Mortar

Picture of an internal structure of Blast Furnace

Blast Furnace refractory lining can be categorised into five major areas from top down:

 1- Upper shaft: In this low temperature area, abrasion by the solid burden is the primary mode of wear.

2- Lower shaft and belly: Abrasion by the coke burden is still a concern but driven by an increasing temperature, in depth attack by Alkali and Zinc vapours become predominant.

3- Bosh: In addition to Alkali and Zinc attack, the occurrence of molten iron and slag calls for SiAlON bonded materials.

4- Tuyere Belt: The Tuyere surroundings experience high heat load and thermal shocks in combination with corrosion by molten iron and slag and intense Alkali and Zinc vapour attacks.

5- Hearth: Traditionally, Blast Furnace hearths are lined with high thermal conductive Carbon based materials. The latest refractory lining concept - the so-called Ceramic Cup - considers a thermal insulating, molten iron resistant ceramic wall built in front of the carbon material. The Ceramic Cup is an ideal example where advanced design and materials are coupled together to render significant benefit to Blast Furnace operators in terms of lifetime extension and operation efficiency.

Usually, a Mullite based material is used for the Ceramic Cup bottom. For the wall that is exposed to the molten iron flow and depending on the specific Blast Furnace operation requirements, Sialon bonded materials may be used.

Ø                   Sino-Global offers a complete range of shaped and unshaped refractories for the different regions of the Blast Furnace as mentioned above.  

Ø                   Our brands for shaped refractories for region above are as follows:-

v      BFBELLY

v      BFSTACK 

v      BFAC (Alumina Carbon),  

v      BFCOR (Corundum based)

v      BFCORSIC (Corundum Silicon Carbide based)

v      BFMULL (Mullite based)

v      BFHA (High Alumina) 

v      BFCLAY (Fireclay based).

 

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